Wilpattu is one of the oldest and largest National Parks in Sri Lanka. The Leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya) population in Wilpattu is renowned worldwide, making it one of the top national parks.
The recent research studies have found that Wilpattu has one of the highest leopard densities on earth. Additionally, the high number of individuals recorded (313 independent individuals and dependents) and a healthy sex ratio, all recorded during a relatively short study period, is indicative of a healthy breeding population of leopards, and this population should serve as an important source for adjacent protected areas. Furthermore, Apart from Sri Lankan Leopard, Wilpattu is one of the best places to spot the Sloth Bear.